You're folding laundry. A sock disappears, followed by the sound of paws running down the hall. Chasing feels like the obvious answer. To a dog, it can also look like the start of an excellent game.
First, check what they picked up. If it is dangerous, potentially toxic, sharp, or small enough to swallow, don't turn the moment into a contest. Call your veterinarian or an animal poison service promptly for advice about a suspected ingestion. Do not try to pull an item from a dog who is growling or may bite. Safety changes the plan.
If the item is harmless, stay boring
Don't corner your dog or sprint after them. Try moving away and inviting them toward you, then offer a treat or a toy they value. Toss the reward a little distance from the object so you can pick it up without reaching into their mouth. Some dogs won't trade when they're already excited, make the next practice easier instead of escalating the chase.
Notice whether your dog stiffens, hovers over the object, turns away when you approach, or growls. That is different from a loose, playful run. Give a guarding dog space and ask a qualified, reward-based behavior professional for an individual safety plan. Punishing a warning or forcing their mouth open can make the situation more dangerous.
Build a better habit before the next sock
Put laundry, remotes, and children's toys out of reach when you're not training. Offer safe, interesting things your dog can carry or chew. If the sock always starts a game and the approved toy never does, your dog has an easy choice to make.
Then teach swaps with a low-value dog toy, not a stolen possession. Let your dog hold it. Show them a treat, when they let go, reward and, when safe, give the toy back. Returning it sometimes matters: "drop" should not always mean that the good thing disappears. Practice a few easy trades and stop before either of you is frustrated. Later, try toys they value more, one step at a time.
You can also reward your dog for choosing their own toy while you fold laundry. A sock-free afternoon counts as progress, even if nobody got a chance to say "drop it." If the dog stiffens or growls over a sock, see the resource-guarding guide for a safer view of guarding, prevent access rather than staging a chase.
Sources: Dogs Trust: How to stop your dog from stealing. Dogs Trust: Resource guarding in dogs.