Short answer: no one knows for sure why dogs roll in dead animals, poop or garbage. Some ideas are below.
The AKC says there is no definitive answer, and that wolves also roll in strong odors. One theory is that dogs roll to disguise their own scent, but the AKC points out flaws in that idea. Another is that they spread their scent, but dogs roll with their backs and shoulders, not scent glands. It says there is also a simpler possibility: dogs may roll in stinky things because they enjoy it.
Scan ahead on walks and call your dog away before they commit. See emergency recall, long line recall and a dog who eats poop.
If your dog also eats what they find, ask your vet.
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